Unit
21
cactus [`kæktəs]（複數形:
cacti [`kæktaɪ] cactuses [`kæktəsɪz]）n. 仙人掌
Cacti are plants
that are extremely adaptable to dry environments. / 仙人掌這種植物對乾燥環境的適應力非常強。＊adaptable [ə`dæptəbḷ] a. 能適應的＊be adaptable
to sth 能適應某物
clam [klæm] n. 蛤蜊
I was as happy
as a clam when the team I supported won the baseball game. / 當我所支持的球隊贏得棒球比賽時，我樂翻天了。
延伸：be as
happy as a clam 樂翻天
coral [`kɔrəl]
n. 珊瑚（不可數）
I saw some
beautiful coral when I was scuba diving. / 我潛水的時候看見了一些美麗的珊瑚。
feminine [`fɛmənɪn]
a. 女性化的
同義字：female
[`fimel] n. 女性 & a. 女性的 ②
That red dress made
Daisy look very feminine. / 那件紅洋裝讓黛西看起來很有女人味。
gender [`dʒɛndɚ]
n. 性別
片語：gender
difference 性別差異
同義字：sex [sɛks]
n. 性別 ③
The young couple
were eager to know the gender of their baby. / 這對年輕夫妻急著想知道小寶寶的性別。
Gender
differences are not as solid as they appear to be. / 性別差異並非如表面看來那般牢不可破。
比較：gender 一般專指性別，而 sex 除『性別』 之外，亦可指『性』、『性愛』。
inland [`ɪnlənd]
a. 內陸的，內地的 adv. 內陸地
片語：an
inland city 內陸都市
Judy has been
living in an inland city for most of her life; she has never seen the ocean. / 茱蒂一直都是住在內陸都市；她從未見過海洋。
The troops began
to march inland after they had taken several important military posts along the
coast. / 部隊在佔領了幾個沿海重要軍事據點後，開始向內陸挺進。＊post [post] n. 崗位，要塞
landlady
[`lænd͵ledɪ] n. 女房東
同義字：property
owner 房產所有人
My landlady
comes to collect the rent on the first of every month. / 我的女房東每個月 1
號都會來收房租。
landlord
[`lænd͵lɔrd] n. 房東
同義字：property
owner 房產所有人
My landlord
wouldn't fix the air conditioner for me; instead, he told me to make do with
the fan. / 我的房東不願修理我的冷氣機；他要我電風扇湊合著用。＊make do with... 將就著⋯，湊合⋯
lodge [lɑdʒ] vt. 安置 vi. 卡住 n. 小屋，旅社
片語：be
lodged in... 被安置在⋯；lodge
in... 卡在⋯
衍生字：lodger
[`lɑdʒɚ] n. 房客，寄宿人
The little boy
was temporarily lodged in the local orphanage. / 小男孩被暫時安置在當地的孤兒院中。
The fishbone
lodged in my throat and I started to choke.
/ 那根魚刺卡在我的喉嚨裡，讓我開始覺得呼吸困難。
Rescuers spent
the night at the hunting lodge and set off early next morning to continue their
search for the missing hiker. / 搜救人員在小獵屋度過一晚，隔天早上又再度出發尋找失蹤的登山客。
There are
several lodges by the lake where you can stay for a reasonable price. / 湖附近有幾間旅社價格還挺划算，你可以在那裡過夜。
lodging [`lɑdʒɪŋ] n. 住宿
片語：board
and lodging 食宿 = room and board（＊此處的 board 不指『木板』，而指『伙食』）
The sign near
the school reads, "Board and lodging for students; $500 per month." /
學校附近有一則廣告說：『學生膳宿，每月 500 美元。』
lottery [`lɑtərɪ] n. 樂透，彩券（不可數）
片語：win the
lottery 中樂透
I will buy my parents
a new house if I win the lottery. / 如果我中了樂透，就會買一棟新房子給我的父母。
I've bought lots
of lottery tickets, but I've never won any prizes. / 我買過許多張彩券，卻從來沒中過獎。
用法：表一張彩券，應說 a lottery ticket，而非 a lottery。
mainland
[`men͵lænd] n. 大陸，本土
片語：Mainland
China 中國大陸 = the Chinese mainland
Young people
from the small island surged into the mainland looking for jobs. / 從小島過來的年輕人蜂擁而入大陸本土來找工作。
Mainland China
＊assume [ə`sjum]
vt. 承擔
比較：island
[`aɪlənd] n. 島嶼 ②
mansion [`mænʃən]
n. 豪宅
同義字：manor
[`mænɚ] n. 莊園
There's
something fishy about this mansion. Local folks have been hearing strange
noises coming from it in the middle of the night. / 這棟豪宅有點古怪。當地人常在夜半聽見從那兒傳來的怪聲。＊fishy [fɪʃɪ] a. 詭異的，古怪的
masculine
[`mæskjəlɪn] a. 男性的，男子氣概的，陽剛的
同義字：male
[mel] n. 男性 & a. 男性的 ②；manly
[`mænlɪ] a. 有男子氣概的 ②；macho [`mɑtʃo]
a. 大男人作風的
Peggy looks
rather masculine with her new short haircut. / 佩姬的短髮新造型讓她看起來很像男人。
measles [`mizḷz]
n. 麻疹（恆用複數形）
片語：German
measles 德國麻疹
Measles is a
highly contagious disease. / 麻疹是傳染性很強的疾病。
＊contagious
[kən`tedʒəs] a. 傳染性的
mentor [`mɛntɔr]
n. 良師，人生導師
同義字：teacher
[`titʃɚ] n. 老師
Mr. Johnson has
been a mentor and a good friend to many of his students. / 強森先生一直是他許多學生的良師益友。
mistress [`mɪstrɪs]
n. 情婦
There has been
speculation that Susan is the billionaire's mistress. / 有人一直臆測蘇珊可能就是那億萬富翁的情婦。＊speculation [͵spɛkjə`leʃən] n. 推論，臆測
延伸：concubine
[`kɑŋkjʊ͵baɪn] n. 情婦
mortal [`mɔrtḷ]
a. 凡人的，嚴重的，致命的，深惡痛絕的
衍生字：mortality
[mɔr`tælətɪ] n. 必死；mortality rate 死亡率；immortality [͵ɪmɔr`tælətɪ] n. 不朽
同義字：lethal
[`liθḷ] a. 致命的
反義字：immortal
[ɪ`mɔrtḷ] a. 不死的；不朽的
Wells became
keenly aware of his own mortality when he survived the plane crash. / 威爾斯從那場空難倖免於難後，開始深刻 體悟自己難免一死。＊keenly [`kinlɪ] adv. 敏銳地
Poor living
conditions in this country have led to a high infant mortality rate. / 該國惡劣的生存條件造成高嬰兒死亡率。
The scientist
had a sudden heart attack just when he was one step away from figuring out the
secret of immortality. / 該科學家在即將解開長生不老秘密的前一
刻，突然心臟病發了。Greek mythology is about the gods living on Mt. Olympus
Losing the
contract was a mortal blow to our company. / 失去該合約對我們公司是一大打擊。
I didn't mean to
step on Joe's foot, but he stared at me as if I were his mortal enemy. / 我踩到阿周的腳並非故意，但他瞪著我的樣子就好像我是他不共戴天的仇人。
延伸：a
mortal wound 致命傷；a mortal enemy 死敵，不共戴天的仇敵
nag [næg] vt.
vi. 嘮叨（時態：nag, nagged [nægd] , nagged）
片語：nag sb
to V 嘮叨地要某人從事；nag sb about sth 就某事對某人嘮叨；nag at sb 對某人喋喋不休
衍生字：nagging
[`nægɪŋ] a. 喋喋不休的 & n. 嘮叨
Henry felt
reluctant to go home and face his nagging wife. / 亨利很不想回家面對他嘮叨的太太。
David dumped Alice
The children
have been nagging their parents to take them to Disneyland .
/ 小孩們一直喋喋不休地吵著要爸媽帶他們去迪士尼樂園玩。
Jane kept
nagging me about my weight, so I decided to go to the gym and work out a
bit. / 阿珍一直嘮叨我的體重，所以我決定去健身房運動一下。
Will you stop
nagging at me? I'd really appreciate it if you left me in peace for a moment. / 你可以別再對我嘮叨了嗎？如果你能讓我清靜一下，我真的會很感激。
nasty [`næstɪ]
a. 令人反感的，糟糕的，惡劣的，嚴重的，惡毒的
同義字：unpleasant
[ʌn`plɛzṇt] a. 令人不愉快的 ③；mean [min] a. 卑鄙的，缺德的；disgusting [dɪs`gʌstɪŋ] a. 噁心的 ④
People don't
like Karen because of her nasty character. / 大家都不喜歡凱倫，因為她品德很壞。
Stinky tofu
smells nasty but tastes great. / 臭豆腐聞起來很糟但很好吃。
When Paula saw
the news on TV, she was shocked and wondered how some people could be so nasty
to their own flesh and blood. / 當寶拉看見電視上那則新聞時，她很震驚，不解為何有人能對自己的親骨肉如此惡劣。＊flesh and blood 親骨肉
I had a nasty
headache when I woke up, so I took sick leave this morning. / 我醒來時頭痛得厲害，所以我早上請病假。
Frank's habit of
making nasty remarks about people's appearances made him a pain in the neck to
everyone in the office. / 法蘭克習慣對別人外貌做惡毒的評論，所以辦公室每個人都覺得他很惹人厭。
＊a pain in
the neck 令人討厭的人或事
Nobody except
Alex himself thought those nasty jokes were funny. / 除了艾力克斯自己，沒有人覺得那些惡毒的笑話有趣。
oasis [o`esɪs]（複數形:
oases [o`esɪz]）n. 綠洲，樂土
The city of Las Vegas
The park is an
oasis of peace amid the hustle and bustle of the big city. / 該座公園是這喧囂城市的一塊寧靜樂土。＊the hustle and bustle 喧鬧
oath [oθ] n. 誓言
片語：take
the oath 發誓句句屬實
The witness was
asked to take the oath before giving evidence. / 證人在作證前被要求發誓。＊give evidence（就某案件）提供證詞
odor [`odɚ] n. （不好的）氣味
片語：body
odor 體味
衍生字：odorous
[`odərəs] a. 芬芳的；deodorant [di`odərənt] n. 制汗劑，除臭劑
同義字：smell
[smɛl] n. 味道 ①；fragrance [`fregrəns] n. 芬芳 ④
The pile of
garbage in front of the market emitted a pungent odor. / 市場前面的那堆垃圾發出刺鼻的臭味。＊pungent [`pʌndʒənt] a. 氣味重的，刺鼻的
ostrich [`ɑstrɪtʃ/`ɔstrɪtʃ]
n. 鴕鳥，逃避現實的人
The meat of an
ostrich tastes like chicken. / 鴕鳥肉吃起來像是雞肉。
Don't be such an
ostrich. You need to face your problem. / 不要逃避現實。你必須面對你的問題。
oyster [`ɔɪstɚ]
n. 牡蠣，蠔
同義字：shellfish
[`ʃɛl͵fɪʃ] n. 有殼水族（如螃蟹，龍蝦，蛤蜊等）
My stomach began
to feel funny after I gulped down some oysters. / 我大口吞下幾枚生蠔之後胃開始覺得怪怪的。＊gulp [gʌlp] vt. 大口吞嚥（與 down 並用）
Mary is young,
beautiful, and talented. The world is her oyster. / 瑪麗年輕貌美又有才華。世界是她的舞臺，靜待她展翅高飛。
延伸：The
world is your oyster. 世界是你的牡蠣。（比喻世界是某人可盡情揮灑的舞台）
participant [pɑr`tɪsəpənt]
n. 參加者
衍生字：participate
[pɑr`tɪsə͵pet] vi. 參加（與介詞 in 並用）④
participation [pɑr͵tɪsə`peʃən]
n. 參與 ④
Participants of
the convention include congressmen, retired generals, and senior government
officials. / 大會的參加者包括國會議員、退休將領及政府高階官員。
peacock [`pi͵kɑk] n. 公孔雀
衍生字：peahen
[`pi͵hɛn] n. 母孔雀
The peacock has
beautiful feathers on its back. / 公孔雀背上有美麗的羽毛。
perish [`pɛrɪʃ]
vi. 死亡
衍生字：perishable
[`pɛrɪʃəbḷ] a. 易腐敗的
同義字：die
[daɪ] vi. 死亡；decay [dɪ`ke] vi. & vt. 腐爛 & n. 腐爛 ⑤
Fresh milk is
perishable and must be refrigerated. / 新鮮的牛奶很容易腐敗，因此必須冷藏。
Hundreds of
passengers perished in the plane crash. / 有好幾百名乘客在空難中喪生。
piston [`pɪstən]
n. 活塞
You need to
replace the pistons in your car's engine. / 你必須更換你汽車引擎的活塞。
plague [pleg]
vt. 使痛苦，使心煩 n. 瘟疫
片語：be
plagued with... 因⋯而苦惱
同義字：epidemic
[͵ɛpɪ`dɛmɪk] n. 傳染病
Jerry has been
plagued with heart problems since he was a child. / 傑瑞從小就為心臟方面毛病所苦。
The idea that
his wife may be unfaithful has been plaguing Jimmy. / 吉米一直心煩妻子可能出軌。
The Black Plague
claimed millions of lives during its several outbreaks in Europe .
/ 黑死病在歐洲的幾次爆發曾奪走數百萬條人命。＊claim a life 奪走一條人命
延伸：the
Black Plague 黑死病，鼠疫（= bubonic [bju`bɑnɪk] plague 淋巴腺。鼠疫，曾於中古歐洲流行一時，造成重大死傷的傳染病）
比較：plaque
[plæk] n. 獎牌
playwright
[`ple͵raɪt] n. 劇作家
衍生字：play
[ple] n. 戲劇，劇本 ①
A: What do you
do for a living? B: I'm a playwright. / A：你靠什麼維生？（B：我是寫劇本的。）
preview
[`pri͵vju]/[pri`vju] n. 試映，預習 vt. 試映，預習
The preview of
the film has met with great success. / 這部電影的試映非常成功。
You need to
preview each lesson before class. / 上課前你必須把每一課都預習一遍才行。
比較：review
[͵rɪ`vju] vt. 評論；複習（功課）& n. 評論 ②
prudent [`prudənt]
a. 謹慎的
同義字：careful
[`kɛrfḷ] a. 小心的 ①；cautious [`kɔʃəs] a. 小心的 ⑤
scrupulous
[`skrupjələs] a. 謹慎的
It would be
prudent to keep our conversation today just between you and me. / 謹慎起見，我們今天的談話最好只你知我知。
pulse [pʌls] n. 脈搏，脈動
片語：feel/take
sb's pulse 量某人的脈搏
The doctor took
my pulse and wrote me a prescription.
醫生幫我量脈搏、開立處方。＊prescription [prɪ`skrɪpʃən] n. 處方
延伸：take
one's temperature 量某人體溫
reckless [`rɛklɪs]
a. 魯莽的，不負責任的
片語：reckless
driving 危險駕駛
衍生字：recklessly
[`rɛklɪslɪ] adv. 魯莽地
同義字：careless
[`kɛrlɪs] a. 不小心的 ①；irresponsible [͵ɪrɪ`spɑnsəbḷ] a. 不負責任的
The reckless
driver was pulled out of the car and arrested. / 這位魯莽的駕駛被從車子裡拉出來逮捕。
recollect [͵rɛkə`lɛkt]
vt. 回憶
衍生字：recollection
[͵rɛkə`lɛkʃən] n. 回憶
同義字：remember
[rɪ`mɛmbɚ] vt. & vi. 回憶 ①；recall [rɪ`kɔl] vt. &
vi. 回憶 ④
That man's face
looks familiar, but I can't recollect where I saw him before. / 那人的臉看上去很面熟，但我想不起來在哪裡曾見過那個人。
reef [rif] n. 礁
There is a huge
coral reef not far from the coast. / 距離海岸不遠的地方有一大片珊瑚礁。
延伸：a coral
reef 珊瑚礁
refuge [`rɛfjudʒ]
n. 避難，避難處
片語：take/seek
refuge in... 以⋯為避難處
衍生字：refugee
[͵rɛfjʊ`dʒi] n. 難民 ④
The travelers
took refuge from the rain in the deserted hut. / 旅人在廢棄的小屋裡躲雨。＊deserted [dɪ`zɝtɪd]
a. 廢棄的
This part of the
mountain was declared by the government as a site of wildlife refuge. / 這塊山地被政府公告為野生動物保護區。
reign [ren] vi. 統治 n. 統治
片語：reign
over... 統治⋯
同義字：rule
[rul] vt. & vi. 統治 & n. 統治 ①
We feel
nostalgic about the days when our last emperor reigned. / 我們都很懷念上一位國王統治的日子。＊nostalgic [nɑs`tældʒɪk] a. 懷念的，思鄉的
Many important
reforms were carried out during the reign of the last emperor. / 許多重要的改革都是上一位國王在位時所實施的。
reminder [rɪ`maɪndɚ]
n. 提醒用的物品
衍生字：remind
[rɪ`maɪnd] vt. 提醒，使想起 ③
remind sb of sth
使某人想起某事；remind sb to V 提醒某人做⋯
Before Jerry
left for Europe , he gave me this watch as a
constant reminder of our friendship. / 傑瑞出發前往歐洲前給了我這支手錶，做為我們友誼長存的見證。
scent [sɛnt] n. 氣味
片語：the
scent of... ⋯的氣味
同義字：smell
[smɛl] n. 氣味
The shampoo has
a light scent of herb extracts.
這種洗髮精有一股淡淡的藥草精氣味。＊extract [`ɛkstrækt] n. 抽取物，精
sponge [spʌndʒ]
vt. 吸取 n. 海綿
衍生字：sponger
[`spʌndʒɚ] n. 米蟲，光吃飯不辦事的人
Bob sponged the
spilled juice off the table. / 鮑伯把桌上濺出來的果汁用海綿吸乾了。
I always keep a
clean sponge by the sink. / 我總是會在水槽旁邊擺一塊乾淨的海綿。
swarm [swɔrm]
vt. 擠滿 n. 一群
片語：a swarm
of... 一群⋯；be swarmed
with... 擠滿了⋯ =
be crowded with...
Tourists swarmed
the scenic spot looking for photo opportunities. / 遊客擠滿了該觀光景點，在這兒四處尋找拍照的好地方。
The rock concert
was swarmed by/with teenagers. / 那場搖滾演唱會擠滿了青少年。
A swarm of
locusts ate all the crops in the area. / 一大群蝗蟲把這地區所有的農作物都吃光了。＊locust [`lokəst] n. 蝗蟲
tenant [`tɛnənt]
n. 房客
同義字：lodger
[`lɑdʒɚ] n. 房客，寄宿人
Tenants are not
allowed to keep pets inside the apartment. / 公寓內禁止房客養寵物。
throng [θrɔŋ]
vt. vi. 擠滿 n. 群眾
片語：a
throng of... 一群⋯；be throng
with... 擠滿了⋯ = be crowded with...
People thronged
the supermarket to buy food after the weather forecast warned a typhoon was
approaching. / 氣象預報說颱風要來之後，超市擠滿了購買食物的民眾。
The streets are
thronged with tourists at this time of the year. / 每年這個時候街道上都會擠滿了觀光客。
In the square, a
throng of protesters were gathering around the speaker. / 廣場上，示威者開始慢慢聚集在該演講者四周。
upright [`ʌp͵raɪt]
a. 垂直的，正直的 adv. 垂直地
The plane is
landing. Please return your seats to an upright position. / 飛機要降落了，請將您的座椅調正。
We like John
because he is upright and dependable. / 我們喜歡約翰，因為他正直又可靠。
Louise sat
upright when she heard a scream coming from the kitchen. / 聽到廚房傳來尖叫聲，路易絲整個人坐直了起來。
vegetation [͵vɛdʒə`teʃən]
n. 植物（總稱，不可數）
同義字：plant
[plænt] n. 植物；盆栽（可數）
There used to be
abundant vegetation near the lake. / 那座湖邊原本有很多植物。
villa [`vɪlə] n.
別墅
同義字：chateau
[ʃæ`to] n. 別墅
Whoever owns
that villa must be stinking rich. / 那棟別墅的主人一定超有錢的。
＊be
stinking rich 非常有錢
stinking 是形容詞，指『發臭』的，此處作副詞，相當於 extremely（極端地），專用以修飾 rich，相當於『滿身都是銅臭味』之意。
vow [vaʊ] vt. 發誓 n. 誓言
片語：vow to
V 發誓⋯；vow that + 子句 發誓⋯；make a vow to V 發誓要⋯；make a vow that... 發誓⋯
同義字：swear
[swɛr] vt. 發誓 ③
The police
inspector vowed that he would track down the killer and put him in jail. / 該巡官發誓要找出兇手下落並送他去吃牢飯。
Helen made a vow
to take revenge on whoever had caused her pet rabbit's untimely death. / 海倫發誓，不管是誰害她的寵物兔子夭折，她都一定會向這人復仇。＊take revenge on sb 向某人復仇＊untimely [ʌn`taɪmlɪ]
a. 過早的
Billy made a vow
to Natalie that he'd stay by her side no matter what. / 比利向娜塔莉發誓，不管發生什麼事，他都會在她身邊支持她。＊no matter what 不管發生什麼事
zoom [zum] vi. （鏡頭）拉近／遠
片語：zoom in
on... 對⋯做鏡頭特寫；zoom out 將鏡頭拉遠
The camera
zoomed in on the mayor's face during the speech. / 市長演講的時候攝影機拉近，對他的臉部做了特寫。
Unit
22
beautify [`bjutə͵faɪ]
vt. 美化
衍生字：beauty
[`bjutɪ] n. 美（不可數）；美女（可數）
Beauty is in the
eye of the beholder. / 情人眼裡出西施。──諺語
It is said that
Mrs. Brown was a beauty when she was young. / 據說布朗太太年輕時是個美女。
Mom beautified
the backyard by planting a lot of flowers. / 媽媽種了許多花來美化後院。
blue [blu] a. 憂鬱的，藍色的 n.
藍色
片語：feel
blue 感到憂慮；the blues 藍調
out of the blue 意外地（=
unexpectedly 晴天霹靂地）
同義字：gloomy
[`glumɪ] a. 憂鬱的
When winter
comes, people easily feel blue because of the gloomy weather. / 冬天來臨時，大家容易因為陰沉的天氣而感到憂鬱。
My girlfriend is
a Canadian with blonde hair and blue eyes. / 我女友是加拿大人，有金黃色的頭髮和湛藍的雙眼。
We were having
dinner when Peter appeared out of the blue. / 我們正在吃晚餐，此時彼得突然出現了。
bodily [`bɑdɪlɪ] a. 身體的
The police
charged the man with inflicting serious bodily harm on the vendor. / 警方指控該名男子使小販受到嚴重的身體傷害。＊inflict [ɪn`flɪkt] vt. 使遭受（損傷）＊inflict A on
B 使 B 遭受 A 的打擊＊vendor [`vɛndɚ] n. 小販
bodyguard [`bɑdɪ͵gɑrd] n. 保鑣
The billionaire
is always accompanied by his bodyguards. / 這位億萬富翁一直有保鑣陪在身邊。＊accompany [ə`kʌmpənɪ]
vt. 陪伴
延伸：lifeguard
[`laɪf͵gɑrd] n. (海上、游泳池)救生員
；safeguard [`sef͵gɑrd] vt. 保衛
We should enact
stricter regulations to safeguard our environment. / 我們應該制定更嚴厲的法規保護環境。＊enact [ɪn`ækt] vt. 制定
browse [braʊz]
vi. 隨便翻閱（與介詞 through 並用）
片語：browse
through... 隨便翻閱⋯
I was browsing
through a magazine at the bookstore when I noticed Sarah. / 我在書店裡翻閱一本雜誌時看到了莎拉。
creak [krik]
vi. （開門或踩在木地板）軋軋響起 n. 軋一聲
The door creaked
open all by itself, causing the boys to run in fear. / 門軋的一聲自動打開，嚇得那群男孩趕緊逃跑。
They heard the
creak / creaking of the wooden 且oor as they stepped on it. / 他們踏在木頭地板上時聽到地板軋的一聲。
crunch [krʌntʃ]
vi. 嘎吱地咬／走過 n. （食物或東西碎裂的）嘎吱聲
片語：crunch
on sth 嘎吱地咬某物
衍生字：crunchy
[`krʌntʃɪ] a.（咬起來）很脆的
Jane was
crunching noisily on an apple before lunch. / 阿珍午餐前正嘎吱嘎吱咬著一粒蘋果。
We could hear
the crunch of the snow as we walked over it. / 我們在冰上行走時能聽見雪被踩碎的嘎吱嘎吱聲。
forgetful [fɚ`gɛtfəḷ]
a. 健忘的
同義字：absent-minded
[͵æbsṇt`maɪndɪd] a. 健忘的；心不在焉的
gnaw [nɔ] vt.
vi. 咬
片語：gnaw at
sth 咬／啃某物
heed [hid]
vt. 注意 n. 注意
片語：take
heed of... 注意⋯ = take notice of... = take note of... = pay attention to...
You will be
sorry if you don't heed my advice / warnings. / 你若不聽我的勸告／警告，你就會後悔。
You should take
heed of his behavior; he seems a little strange today. / 你應該留意他的一舉一動；他今天似乎有些怪怪的。
milestone [`maɪl͵ston]
n. 里程碑
片語：mark an
important milestone 記下／表示一個重要的里程碑
The navigator's
voyage around the globe marked an important milestone in history. / 這名航海探險家環繞地球的航行在歷史上記下重要的里程碑。＊navigator [`nævə͵getɚ] n. 航海家＊voyage [`vɔɪɪdʒ]
n. 航海，乘船旅遊
nibble [`nɪbḷ]
vt. vi. 小口咬 n. 一小口
片語：nibble
at sth 小口咬某物
I wasn't very
hungry, so I took a piece of cake from the tray and nibbled at it. / 我當時不是很餓，所以從托盤上拿了一片蛋糕，小口地吃著。
Try a nibble of
this biscuit and see if you like how it tastes. / 試吃一小口這片餅乾，看你是否喜歡它嚐起來的味道。
prodigy [`prɑdədʒɪ] n.
天才
片語：a child
prodigy 神童
同義字：genius
[`dʒinjəs] n. 天才 ④
The child
prodigy attended university at the age of 12. / 這名神童 12 歲時就唸大學了。
quack [kwæk] vi.
（鴨子）呱呱叫 n. 鴨叫聲，庸醫，冒牌醫生
The ducks
started quacking loudly when we walked near them. / 我們走近這些鴨子時，牠們開始呱呱叫。
Obviously the
quack should be responsible for the death of that patient. / 這名蒙古大夫顯然要為那名病患的死亡負責任。
rattle [`rætḷ]
vi. 發出咯咯聲 n. 咯咯聲
There is a
railroad near my house, so every time a train passes by, my windows rattle. / 我家附近有條鐵路，所以每當火車經過，窗戶就被震得咯咯響。
The rattle of
chains let me know that my father was in the garage. / 鏈條的咯咯聲讓我知道老爸在車庫裡。
延伸：rattlesnake
[`rætḷ͵snek] n. 響尾蛇
rejoice [rɪ`dʒɔɪs]
vi. 欣喜
同義字：rejoice
in/at sth 因某事感到開心
If we can learn
to rejoice in others' success, our own happiness will increase. / 我們若能學習為他人的成功感到開心，自己的快樂也會增加。
rival [`raɪvḷ]
n. 競爭者，對手 vt. 與⋯匹敵
同義字：match
[mætʃ] n. 對手 & vt. 敵得過；equal
[`ikwəl] n. 相等的人 & vt. 敵得過
When it comes to
negotiation skills, Robert has no rival. = When it comes to negotiation skills,
Robert has no match. = When it comes to negotiation skills, Robert has no
equal. / 說到談判技巧，沒人比得上羅伯特。
No other sport
can rival basketball for excitement. / 沒有其他運動能比籃球更刺激。
rivalry [`raɪvḷrɪ]
n. 競爭
同義字：competition
[͵kɑmpə`tɪʃən] n. 競爭 ④
There has always
been fierce rivalry between the two companies for larger market shares. / 這兩家公司之間對於誰能有較大的市場佔有率競爭總是很激烈。＊fierce [fɪrs] a. 激烈的＊market share 市場佔有率
rumble [`rʌmbḷ]
vi. 隆隆響 n. 隆隆聲
同義字：roar
[rɔr] vi.（發出）轟隆聲 & n.（發出）轟隆聲
The old car
rumbled down the street. / 這部老舊的汽車沿街發出隆隆聲。
I'm so hungry
that my stomach is rumbling. / 我好餓，餓到肚子咕嚕咕嚕地叫。
As soon as we
heard the rumble of thunder in the distance, we ran back to the farmhouse. / 我們一聽到遠處傳來的隆隆雷聲就跑回農舍裡。
salute [sə`lut]
vt. 行禮，致敬 n. 敬禮
A line of
soldiers stood at attention and saluted the officer as he walked past. / 一排士兵立正站好，並在官員經過他們時向他敬禮。
Our commanding
officer gave us a salute for courage in action. / 因為我們在這次行動中表現英勇，指揮官向我們致敬。
延伸：a
21-gim salute（21 響禮炮）
用法：salute 是將右手指尖觸碰眉毛末端的『敬禮』，尤用於軍中軍官行禮時；bow（[baʊ]可作動詞或名詞）則為『鞠躬敬禮』。動詞和名詞的用法分別為：bow to sb（向某人鞠躬）、take a bow（鞠躬）。
sandal [`sændḷ]
n. （一隻）涼鞋
片語：a pair
of sandals 一雙涼鞋
These leather
sandals became widely popular soon after they hit the market. / 這種皮製涼鞋一上市就廣受喜愛。
scandal [`skændḷ]
n. 醜聞
片語：cause/create
a scandal 製造醜聞
The love affair
between the boss and his secretary caused a scandal in the office. / 老闆和他秘書之間的風流韻事製造了辦公室裡的醜聞。
News of the
political scandal broke at the beginning of the election campaign. / 這樁政治醜聞的新聞在選舉活動一開始時爆發開來。
shortcoming [`ʃɔrt͵kʌmɪŋ]
n. （個性上的）缺點
My girlfriend
always makes me aware of my own shortcomings. / 我女友總能讓我了解到自己的缺點。
比較：defect
[dɪ`fɛkt / `difɛkt] n. (東西的)缺點，瑕疵；drawback [`drɔ͵bæk] n. (事情的)缺點
Due to a number
of defects in our new product, we had to recall them. / 由於我們的新產品有一些缺陷，我們得將它們回收。
The drawback to
your idea is that it's not practical. / 你的想法缺點在於那並不實際。
sloppy [`slɑpɪ] a. 草率的
同義字：slipshod
[`slɪp͵ʃɑd] a.（尤指工作）馬虎的
I can't put up
with Mike's sloppy work anymore. I'll have to let him go. / 我再也受不了邁可馬虎的工作表現了。我得炒他魷魚。
sneaker [`snikɚ]
n. （一隻）運動鞋
片語：a pair
of sneakers 一雙運動鞋
Wearing a nice
pair of running sneakers will help you perform well in the race. / 穿上一雙好的慢跑鞋會讓你在比賽時有好表現。
sperm [spɝm] n. 精子
In human
reproduction, one egg is fertilized by only onesperm. / 人類的繁殖中，一粒卵子只會由一隻精子受精。＊reproduction [͵riprə`dʌkʃən] n. 繁殖＊fertilize
[`fɝtḷ͵aɪz] vt. 使受精
延伸：a sperm
whale 抹香鯨
stink [stɪŋk] vi.
發臭（時態：stink, stank [stæŋk], stunk [stʌŋk]）
片語：stink
of sth 散發出某種惡臭
You stink! You need
to take a bath right away. / 你好臭！你得馬上去洗澡。
After the party
last night, the whole room stank of beer and cigarettes. / 昨晚的派對過後，整個房間散發出啤酒和香煙的惡臭。
stinky [`stɪŋkɪ]
a. 臭的
同義字：smelly
[`smɛlɪ] a. 臭的
Many foreigners
in Taiwan
superficial
[͵supɚ`fɪʃəl] a. 表面的，膚淺的
同義字：shallow
[`ʃælo] a. 膚淺的 ③
The book shows
only a superficial understanding of Einstein's theory of relativity. / 這本書對於愛因斯坦相對論的了解只是皮毛而已。
Mary is so
superficial that she only cares about a person's looks. / 瑪麗很膚淺，她只在乎人的外表。
superstition
[͵supɚ`stɪʃən] n. 迷信
An Irish
superstition says that you will have seven years of bad luck if you break a
mirror. / 古老的愛爾蘭迷信有此說法：你若打破了鏡子就會有 7 年的壞運。
superstitious
[͵supɚ`stɪʃəs] a. 迷信的
片語：be
superstitious about sth 迷信某事
A large number
of Westerners are superstitious about Friday the thirteenth. / 很多西方人很迷信十三號星期五這個日子。
tackle [`tækḷ] vt.
處理（問題），（橄欖球用語）擒抱
同義字：tackle
a problem 處理問題 = deal with a problem = cope with a
problem = handle a problem
The government
is determined to take immediate measures to tackle inflation. / 政府決心採取立即的行動處理通貨膨脹的問題。
thrill [θrɪl]
vt. 使興奮 n. 興奮
同義字：excite
[ɪk`saɪt] vt. 使興奮 ②
I was thrilled
to meet my favorite singer in person. / 能見到我最喜歡的歌手本人令我很興奮。＊in person 親自
Riding in an
airplane for the first time really gave Tommy a big thrill. / 第一次搭乘飛機真的令湯米非常興奮。
thriller [`θrɪlɚ]
n. 恐怖電影，恐怖小說
The thriller
released on DVD last week sold 2 million copies in its first day on the
shelves. / 這部驚悚片的 DVD 上星期發行第一天就從架上賣掉了兩百萬片。
touchstone [`tʌtʃ͵ston]
n. 檢驗標準，試金石
同義字：standard
[`stændɚd] n. 標準
Personal service
and high quality goods are the touchstones of a good business. / 個人化的服務以及高品質的產品是檢驗優良企業的標準。
trifle [`traɪfḷ]
複數形: trifles [`traɪfḷz] n. 瑣事（可數）
Such a trifle is
not worth discussing during the meeting. / 這種瑣事不值得在會議中討論。
trifling [`traɪflɪŋ]
a. 不重要的
同義字：trivial
[`trɪvɪəl] a. 不重要的 ⑥
The thing that
bothers me about our manager is that she often loses her temper over trifling
matters. / 我受不了我們經理的地方是她常因瑣事而發脾氣。＊lose one's temper 發脾氣
tuition [tju`ɪʃən]
n. 學費（不可數）
片語：tuition
fees 學費（複數）
The tuition of
private colleges is much higher than that of public colleges. / 私立大學的學費要比公立大學的學費貴得多。
underline [͵ʌndɚ`laɪn]
vt. 在⋯下面劃線，強調
同義字：emphasize
[`ɛmfə͵saɪz] vt. 強調；stress [strɛs] vt. 強調
All the
underlined words are the most important ones in the article. / 所有畫底線的字都是本篇文章中最重要的。
The increasing
crime rate underlines the importance of recruiting more police officers. / 犯罪率的升高凸顯了徵募更多警員的重要性。＊recruit [rɪ`krut] vt. 徵募新成員
underneath [͵ʌndɚ`niθ]
prep. 在⋯之下
同義字：beneath
[bɪ`niθ] prep. 在⋯之下；below [bə`lo]
prep. 在⋯之下
Police sent a
bomb squad to defuse the bomb underneath the ambassador's car. / 警方派遣了一支防爆小組去拆除大使座車底下的一枚炸彈。
＊bomb
squad [`bɑm ͵skwɑd] n. 防爆小組＊defuse [dɪ`fjuz] vt. 拆除⋯的雷管＊ambassador [æm`bæsədɚ] n. 大使
unforgettable [͵ʌnfɚ`gɛtəbḷ]
a. 難忘的
同義字：memorable
[`mɛmərəbḷ] a. 令人難忘的 ④
I had a whale of
a time during my stay in Paris
vapor [`vepɚ] n.
蒸氣
衍生字：vaporize
[`vepɚ͵raɪz] vt. 蒸發
The blazing sun
vaporized the drops of dew on the grass quickly. / 炙熱的太陽很快就蒸發了青草上的露珠。（＊blazing [`blezɪŋ] a. 炎熱的 / dew [dju] n. 露珠）
The doctor used
water vapor to treat my sore throat. / 醫生使用水蒸氣來治療我的喉嚨痛。
videotape [`vɪdɪo͵tep]
n. 錄影帶 vt. 錄影
Tom videotaped
all the episodes of his favorite TV show. / 湯姆把他最喜愛的電視節目全都錄了起來。＊episode
[`ɛpə͵sod] n.（電視劇的）一集
visa [`vizə] n. 簽證
片語：renew
one's visa 更換簽證，加簽
I came to Taiwan
我拿學生簽證來台灣，但簽證已經過期了。因此，我今天下午得去加簽。
＊expire [ɪk`spaɪr]
vi.（期限）終止
whereabouts
[`(h)wɛrə͵baʊts] n. 下落（恆用複數）
同義字：location
[lo`keʃən] n. 位置；position [pə`zɪʃən] n. 位置
Osama bin Laden
is thought to be hiding in the mountainous region of Afghanistan
wig [wɪg] n. （女用）假髮
同義字：toupee
[tu`pe] n.（男用）假髮
The leading
actress wore a blonde wig over her naturally brown hair for the role. / 這名女主角為了這個角色戴上金色的假髮，以蓋過她天生的棕髮。＊blonde [blɑnd] a. 金黃色的
woe [wo] n. 悲痛
衍生字：woeful
[`wofəl] a. 悲傷的
The story Ken
told me about his marriage was a real tale of woe. = The story Ken told me
about his marriage was really woeful. / 阿肯告訴我關於他婚姻生活的事，那真是個充滿悲痛的故事。＊tale [tel] n. 故事
yacht [jɑt] n. 遊艇
Since winning the lottery, Fred has bought two yachts which he sails in his
spare time. / 自從贏了樂透彩，佛萊德就買了兩艘遊艇，供閒暇時駕駛。＊sail [sel] vt. 駕駛（船）
yeast [jist] n. 酵母
The most common type of yeast used to make beer is ale yeast. / 最常用來製造啤酒的的酵母種類是麥芽酵母。＊ale [el] n. 麥芽啤酒
延伸：enzyme
[`ɛnzaɪm] n. 酵素
沒有留言:
張貼留言