Unit
33
affirm [ə`fɝm]
vt. 證實
衍生字：affirmation
[͵æfɚ`meʃən] n. 證實
同義字：confirm
[kən`fɝm] vt. 證實 ②
Judy affirmed
her intention of applying for the management position. / 茱蒂證實她將應徵管理部門的職缺。
The spokesman
affirmed that a war on terrorism would be necessary. / 發言人證實對恐怖主義開戰是必要的。
用法：此字之後用名詞或 that 子句作受詞。
ambush [`æmbʊʃ]
n. 埋伏突襲
片語：lie/wait
in ambush 等候埋伏
A group of 20
international aid workers were killed in a terrorist ambush. / 一群共 20 名的國際救援人員在恐怖份子的埋伏突襲中喪生。
The militia was
lying in ambush behind the trees, waiting for the ambassador's car to pass by.
/ 民兵部隊埋伏在樹後面，等待大使的車開過去。＊militia [mɪ`lɪʃə] n. 民兵部隊
authentic [ɔ`θɛntɪk]
a. （物品）真正的
衍生字：authenticity
[͵ɔθən`tɪsətɪ] n. 真實性
同義字：genuine
[`dʒɛnjʊɪn] a. 真正的 ④
反義字：fake
[fek] a. 假貨的 & n. 假貨 ③
This painting is
not an authentic one. It's a fake. /這幅畫不是真跡，而是贗品。
This restaurant
offers a wide variety of authentic Japanese cuisine ranging from sushi to
sukiyaki. / 這家餐廳提供各式各樣的正宗日本菜餚，從壽司到壽喜燒都有。
bouquet [bu`ke]
n. 花束，一束花
片語：a
bouquet/bunch of flowers 一束花
同義字：bunch
[bʌntʃ] n. 花束
The man walked
onto the stage and gave a bouquet of flowers to the main actress. / 男子走上舞台，送了一束花給女主角。
brutal [`brutḷ]
a. 殘忍的
同義字：cruel
[`kruəl] a. 殘忍的
The serial
killer was sentenced to life imprisonment for the brutal murder of five little
girls. / 這名連續殺人魔因為殘忍地殺害 5 名小女童而被判無期徒刑。＊life imprisonment 無期徒刑＊imprisonment [ɪm`prɪzṇmənt] n. 監禁
byte [baɪt]
n. （電腦）位元組
A byte is the
amount of space one letter takes up. / 一個位元組就是一個字母所佔的空間。
延伸：megabyte
[`mɛgə͵baɪt] n. 百萬位元；gigabyte [`dʒɪgə͵baɪt / `gɪgə͵baɪt]
n. 十億位元
chaos [`keɑs] n. 混亂
片語：be in
chaos 混亂
衍生字：chaotic
[ke`ɑtɪk] a. 混亂的
Leave Tom alone.
He is in a chaotic state of mind right now. / 讓湯姆靜一靜。他現在心情很亂。
I spent the
whole afternoon tidying up my room because it had been in chaos. / 我花了一整個下午整理房間，因為它一直是亂七八糟的。
clinical [`klɪnɪkḷ]
a. 臨床的
衍生字：clinic
[`klɪnɪk] n. 診所 ③
The doctors held
a clinical trial to test the drug for side effects. / 醫生們進行臨床試驗，測試這種藥物的副作用。
Receiving
clinical training is an important part of becoming a doctor. / 獲得臨床訓練是成為醫師重要的一環。
延伸：clinical
trial/training 臨床試驗／訓練
dome [dom] n. 圓屋頂
The dome of the
church was severely damaged during the war. / 這座教堂的圓屋頂在戰爭時受到了嚴重的損壞。
explicit [ɪk`splɪsɪt]
a. 明確的
同義字：clear
[klɪr] a. 清楚的
反義字：implicit
[ɪm`plɪsɪt] a. 暗指的
The police
officer gave me very explicit directions on how to get to the train station. / 警察告訴我前往火車站的明確方向。
exquisite [`ɛkskwɪzɪt
/ ɪk`skwɪzɪt] a. 精美的
同義字：delicate
[`dɛləkət] a. 精美的 ④
The princess'
exquisite dress guaranteed she'd be the most beautiful woman at the ball. / 公主精緻的禮服保證能讓她成為舞會上最美的女人。
guerrilla [gə`rɪlə]
n. 游擊隊員
片語：guerrilla
war/warfare 游擊戰
While entering
the jungle, all of the soldiers were on high alert out of fear of being
attacked by enemy guerrillas. / 進入叢林時，所有士兵都提高警覺，害怕受到游擊隊員的攻擊。＊alert [ə`lɝt] a. 警覺的＊be on high alert 保持高度警覺
implicit [ɪm`plɪsɪt]
a. 暗指的
同義字：implied
[ɪm`plaɪd] a. 暗示的
The politician's
remarks contained an implicit criticism of the government. / 這名政客的話裡暗藏對政府的批評。
intervene [͵ɪntɚ`vin]
vi. 介入，干預（與介詞 in 並用）
片語：intervene
in... 干預⋯ = interfere with...
The government
was urged to intervene in the currency markets in order to stabilize the
exchange rate. / 政府被要求要介入干預貨幣市場以穩定外匯利率。＊currency [`kɝrənsɪ] n. 貨幣＊stabilize [`stebḷ͵aɪz]
vt. 使穩定
intervention [͵ɪntɚ`vɛnʃən]
n. 干預
片語：military/government
intervention 軍事／政府干預
Two-thirds of people
surveyed said that they were opposed to military intervention in the civil war
in Congo
irrelevant [ɪ`rɛləvənt]
a. 無關的（與介詞 to 並用）
片語：be
irrelevant to... 和⋯無關
Many people in
that country view politics as irrelevant to their own lives. / 那個國家許多人認為政治和他們自己的生活毫不相關。
legendary [`lɛdʒənd͵ɛrɪ]
a. 傳說的，傳奇的
衍生字：legend
[`lɛdʒənd] n. 傳說 ④
Legend has it
that there is buried treasure in the cave. / 傳說該洞穴埋有寶藏。 ＊treasure [`trɛʒɚ]
n. 寶藏；財寶（集合名詞，不可數）
A fairy tale is
a legendary story involving some imaginative characters and is often passed
down from one generation to the next. / 童話故事是包含一些虛幻角色的傳奇故事，通常會代代相傳。＊imaginative [ɪ`mædʒənətɪv / ɪ`mædʒə͵netɪv] a. 虛構的
lush [lʌʃ] a. （植物）翠綠而又茂盛的，綠意盎然的
同義字：luxuriant
[lʌg`ʒʊrɪənt] a. 繁茂的；verdant [`vɝdṇt] a. 青翠的
The fields are
lush with grass and flowers. / 田野長滿了綠意盎然的花草。
minimal [`mɪnəmḷ]
a. 最小的
衍生字：minimum
[`mɪnəməm] n. 最少量 ④；a minimum of + 數字 至少⋯
反義字：maximal
[`mæksəmḷ] a. 最高的，最大量的
You must
practice playing the piano for a minimum of two hours every day. / 你每天至少必須練習彈鋼琴兩小時。
The house
survived the fire with only minimal damage. / 這棟房子逃過這場火災，只受到極小的損害。
minimize [`mɪnə͵maɪz]
vt. 使降到最低
反義字：maximize
[`mæksə͵maɪz] vt. 使增至最大限度
To maximize your
time, you should study on your way to and from school. / 為充分利用時間，你要在往返學校途中唸書。
The medicine the
doctor gave you should minimize your pain. / 醫生給你的藥應該可以將你的疼痛降至最低。
offering [`ɔfərɪŋ]
n. （教會收的）金錢奉獻
It's every
Christian's obligation to give a tenth of their income as an offering to God. /
每位基督徒都有義務把他們收入的10分之1奉獻給神。
orderly [`ɔrdɚlɪ]
a. 整齊的，守秩序的
片語：in an
orderly fashion 以守秩序的方式 = in an orderly way
衍生字：order
[`ɔrdɚ] n. 順序；秩序 ①
反義字：disorderly
[dɪs`ɔrdɚlɪ] a. 混亂的
The children
formed an orderly line before they went into the museum. / 這些孩童進入博物館前先排成整齊的一排。
In the event of
an emergency, please proceed to the nearest exit in an orderly fashion. / 萬一發生緊急事件，請以守秩序的方式前往最靠近的出口。＊in the event of... 萬一發生⋯（= in case of...）＊proceed [prə`sid] vi. 繼續進行；沿特定路線前進
organism [`ɔrgən͵ɪzəm]
n. 有機體
衍生字：organ
[`ɔrgən] n. 器官 ②；organic [ɔr`gænɪk] a. 有機物的 ④
The heart is one
of the most vital organs in the human body. / 心臟是人體最重要的器官之一。 ＊vital [`vaɪtḷ]
a. 極為重要的
Scientists have
to study the minute organisms in the polluted river to understand the cause of
its pollution. / 科學家必須研究這條受污染河流當中的微生物，以了解污染的原因。＊minute [maɪ`njut] a. 微小的
pertain [pɚ`ten]
vi. 相關（與介詞 to 並用）
片語：pertain
to... 和⋯相關
We're having a
discussion pertaining to the construction of nuclear power plants. / 我們正在討論有關於興建核能發電廠的問題。
pertinent [`pɝtṇənt]
a. 相關的
片語：be
pertinent to... 和⋯相關
同義字：relevant
[`rɛləvənt] a. 有關的
I only want to
hear comments (which are) pertinent to the topic we're dealing with now. = I
only want to hear comments pertaining to the topic we're dealing with now. / 我只想聽和我們正在討論主題相關的意見。
prescribe [prɪ`skraɪb]
vt. 開立（藥方），規定
The doctor prescribed
some medicine for my bad cough. / 醫生為我嚴重的咳嗽開了一些藥。
Our office rules
prescribe that all staff members should wear a white-collared shirt to work. / 我們的辦公室守則規定所有員工都應該要穿著白領襯衫來上班。
prescription [prɪ`skrɪpʃən]
n. 處方
片語：write a
prescription 開處方；fill a prescription 依處方配藥（藥劑師）
The doctor wrote
me a prescription for antibiotics and handed it to me. / 醫生開了一張抗生素的處方箋交給我。
You can have
this prescription filled at the pharmacy. / 你可以憑處方箋去藥房配藥。＊pharmacy [`fɑrməsɪ] n. 藥房＊pharmacist [`fɑrməsɪst] n. 藥劑師
proposition [͵prɑpə`zɪʃən]
n. （商業的）提議
衍生字：propose
[prə`poz] vt. 建議 & vi. 求婚（與介詞 to 並用）；proposal [prə`pozḷ] n. 提案
Bob proposed
changing the name of the company. / 鮑伯提議更改公司的名字。
Peter doesn't
have the guts to propose to Mary even though they've been in love with each other
for five years. / 彼得與瑪麗雖然相戀 5 年，他仍沒勇氣向她求婚。
A proposal to
build more nuclear power plants was rejected. / 一個關於興建更多核能發電廠的提案被否決了。
I've put my
proposition to the manager for his consideration. / 我已把建議提報給經理考慮。
reflective [rɪ`flɛktɪv] a. 反光的，反映的
片語：be reflective of... 反映出⋯ = reflect...
衍生字：reflect [rɪ`flɛkt] vt. 反映；反射&
vi. 反省 ④；reflection [rɪ`flɛkʃən] n. 反映；反射；反省 ④
On dark nights, children should wear reflective clothing to make
themselves more visible to automobile drivers. / 在深夜，孩童應穿反光材質的衣物，好讓自己更容易被汽車駕駛人察覺。
Your taste in music is, to some degree, reflective of your personality.
/ 某種程度來說，你對音樂的品味反映出你的人格。
relevant [`rɛləvənt]
a. 有關的（與介詞 to 並用）
片語：be
relevant to... 和⋯有關
衍生字：relevance
[`rɛləvəns] n. 相關性（不可數，亦與介詞 to 並用）
反義字：irrelevant
[ɪ`rɛləvənt] a. 無關的（亦與介詞 to 並用）
What you said
has no direct relevance to the issue we were discussing. / 你所說的和我們討論的議題沒有直接的相關性。
Do you have any
previous relevant experience doing this type of work? / 你之前有沒有從事這種工作的相關經驗？
I don't think
your questions are directly relevant to our agenda. / 我想你的問題與本議程沒有直接的關聯。
respective [rɪ`spɛktɪv]
a. 各自的
We attended the
keynote speech first, and then we went to our respective workshops. / 我們先參加了主題演講，接著前往各自的專題研討會。
比較：respectful
[rɪ`spɛktfəl] a. 滿懷敬意的；respectable [rɪ`spɛktəbḷ] a. 值得尊敬的
respectively [rɪ`spɛktɪvlɪ]
adv. 分別地
In the 100-meter
dash, John and Peter came in first and third respectively. / 在 100 公尺 短跑中，約翰和彼得分別得到第一及第三名。＊dash [dæʃ] n. 短跑＊the 100-meter dash 100公尺短跑
rite [raɪt] n. 儀式
同義字：ritual
[`rɪtʃʊəl] n. 儀式
Frank went
through an initiation rite before becoming a member of the fraternity. / 成為該兄弟會成員之前，法蘭克通過了入會儀式。＊fraternity [frə`tɝnətɪ] n.（大學的）兄弟會
延伸：a
burial/funeral rite 葬禮／喪禮；an initiation rite 入會儀式；initiation [`ɪnɪʃɪ`eʃən] n. 入會
ritual [`rɪtʃʊəl]
n. 儀式，例行公事
片語：religious
rituals 宗教儀式
同義字：rite [raɪt]
n. 儀式 ⑥
The priest
performed a ritual of blessing at the altar. / 這位牧師在祭壇上進行祈福代禱的儀式。
Reading an
English newspaper has become part of my morning ritual. / 閱讀英文報紙已經成為我晨間例行公事的一部分。
sewage [`suɪdʒ]
n. （下水道）污水（不可數）
The government
has imposed a ban on the dumping of raw sewage into the sea. / 政府已下令禁止將未經處理的污水倒入海裡。
延伸：raw/untreated
sewage 未經處理的污水
sewer [`suɚ] n. 下水道
片語：a sewer
pipe/system 下水道管線／系統
This federal
funding will help the community install a new sewer system. / 這筆聯邦資金將能幫助該社區安裝新的下水道系統。＊install [ɪn`stɔl] vt. 安裝
shun [ʃʌn] vt. 躲開，避開（時態：shun,
shunned [ʃʌnd] , shunned [ʃʌnd]）
同義字：avoid
[ə`vɔɪd] vt. 避開，躲開
Vincent was
shunned by his friends after he was released from jail. / 文森出獄後，朋友們都避開不想見他。
sibling [`sɪblɪŋ]
n. 兄弟姊妹其中一個（可數）
How many
siblings do you have? / 你有幾個兄弟姊妹？
比較：offspring
[`ɔf͵sprɪŋ] n. 子孫（不可數，視作複數名詞）
siren [`saɪrən]
n. 警報器
同義字：alarm
[ə`lɑrm] n. 警報器
When the air
raid sirens went off, the teachers instructed all students to take shelter in
the school basement. / 空襲警報響起時，老師們指導學生前往學校地下室避難。＊go off（警報）響起；（炸彈）爆炸＊take shelter in... 在⋯避難
skim [skɪm] vt. 撇去（液體表面的浮物），略讀 vi. 略讀（與 through 並用）
時態：skim,
skimmed [skɪmd] , skimmed
片語：skim
(through)... 略讀⋯
You'd better
skim the fat from the soup before eating it. / 你喝湯前最好撇去湯上面的油脂。
Jane skims
(through) the newspaper every morning while she's having breakfast. / 阿珍每天早上都一邊吃早餐一邊看報紙。
span [spæn] n. 一段時間
Over a span of
just one year, the labor market has changed dramatically. / 光是一年的時間，勞動市場就有了大幅轉變了。
延伸：a life
span 平均壽命 = a life expectancy
Women tend to
have a longer life span than men. / 女人一般比男人長壽。
spectrum [`spɛktrəm]（複數形:
spectra [`spɛktrə]）n. 光譜
片語：the
political spectrum 政治光譜
The purpose of
the political spectrum is to show the differences in ideologies. / 政治光譜的目的是要顯示出意識型態的差異。＊ideology [͵aɪdɪ`ɑlədʒɪ] n. 意識形態
stimulate [`stɪmjə͵let]
vt. 刺激，激勵
片語：stimulate
sb to V 激勵某人去從事⋯
Congress is
considering tax cuts in order to stimulate investment. / 國會正在考慮減稅方案以刺激投資。
Good teachers
should ask questions that stimulate students to think. / 稱職的老師應該要問能夠激勵學生去思考的問題。
stimulation [͵stɪmjə`leʃən]
n. 刺激
The housewife
complains of a lack of intellectual stimulation when she is at home looking
after her children. / 這名家庭主婦抱怨在家照顧小孩會使她缺乏智能上的刺激。
stimulus [`stɪmjələs]（複數形:
stimuli [`stɪmjə͵laɪ]）n. 刺激，激勵（單數）
A teacher's
praise is the best stimulus for students to keep learning. / 老師的讚美是讓學生持續學習的最好鼓勵。
Tourism has
acted as a stimulant to the island's economic growth for a long time. / 觀光業長久以來刺激著這座小島的經濟成長。
比較：stimulant
[`stɪmjələnt] n. 興奮劑；刺激物
supplement [`sʌplə͵mɛnt]/[`sʌpləmənt]
vt. 補充 n. 補充物，副刊
片語：supplement
A with B 用B補充 A；provide a supplement to sth 為某物提供補助
Miranda likes to
supplement her diet with vitamin pills. / 米蘭達喜歡在飲食裡補充維他命丸。
The money I make
from tutoring on weekends provides a supplement to my income. / 我週末兼任家教所賺的錢是用來貼補收入所得。
The newspaper
publishes a sports supplement on a weekly basis. / 這份報紙每星期出版運動副刊。
turmoil [`tɝmɔɪl]
n. 騷動，混亂
片語：be in
turmoil 陷入混亂；throw...into turmoil/chaos 使⋯陷入混亂
同義字：chaos
[`keɑs] n. 混亂
Six robberies in
one night threw the village into turmoil/chaos. / 一夜之間 6 次的搶劫使該村莊陷入混亂。
Jack was in
turmoil when Jenny broke off their engagement. / 珍妮解除婚約時，傑克整個人都亂了。
verify [`vɛrə͵faɪ]
vt. 證實，確認
衍生字：verification
[͵vɛrɪfɪ`keʃən] n. 確認
同義字：confirm
[kən`fɝm] vt. 證實
Unfortunately,
there was no witness to verify the suspect's statement. / 不幸地，沒有任何證人可以證明這名嫌疑犯的說詞。
Please verify
that there is sufficient memory available before you download any software. / 你下載任何軟體前要確認你有足夠的記憶體。
vitality [vaɪ`tælətɪ]
n. 活力，元氣
同義字：vigor
[`vɪgɚ] n. 活力
The process of
restructuring has injected vitality into the department. / 改組過程為該部門注入了一股生命力。＊inject [ɪn`dʒɛkt] vt. 注入；注射（藥物）
Unit
34
apprentice [ə`prɛntɪs]
n. 學徒（常與介詞to並用）
片語：be an
apprentice to sb 作為某人的學徒
同義字：pupil
[`pjupḷ] n. 學徒；小學生
Marvin was one
of the apprentices to the famous carpenter. / 馬文是這位著名木匠的學徒之一。
延伸：an
apprentice carpenter/electrician/chef 木匠／電工／廚師學徒
betray [bɪ`tre]
vt. 背叛，（無意中）暴露
片語：betray
sb to... 將某人出賣給⋯
衍生字：betrayal[bɪ`treəl]
n. 背叛
That man
betrayed his wife to the secre police. /
那個男子將老婆出賣給了秘密警察。
Amy felt
betrayed after she found out what Jim had been trying to hide from her. / 愛咪發現阿金一直設法向他隱瞞的那件事後，覺得自己遭到了背叛。
Eric tried to
look calm, but his clenched fist betrayed his anger. / 愛力克試著裝出冷靜的樣子，但他緊握的拳頭洩漏了他的憤怒。＊clenched [`klɛntʃt] a. 緊握的
betrayal [bɪ`treəl]
n. 背叛
片語：betrayal
of... 背叛⋯
同義字：unfaithfulness
[ʌn`feθfəlnɪs] n. 不忠實
Rebecca saw her
husband's actions as a betrayal of their marriage. / 瑞貝卡將她丈夫的舉動當成對他們婚姻的背叛。
延伸：a sense
of betrayal 被背叛感
casualty [`kæʒjʊəltɪ]（複數形:
casualties [`kæʒjʊəltɪz]）n. 傷亡人數（多用複數）
片語：cause/suffer
heavy casualties 造成／受到慘重傷亡；road casualties 道路意外傷亡
The suicide
bombing at a busy shopping street caused more than 70 casualties. / 該起發生在熱鬧的購物街上的自殺炸彈攻擊造成70多人傷亡。
catastrophe [kə`tæstrəfɪ]
n. 災難
片語：economic/environmental/nuclear
catastrophe 經濟／環境／核子災難
prevent a
catastrophe 預防一場災難
衍生字：catastrophic
[͵kætə`strɑfɪk] a. 災難的
同義字：disaster
[dɪ`zæstɚ] n. 災難 ④；disastrous [dɪ`zæstrəs] a. 災難的
That
catastrophic waitress just stumbled and spilled hot coffee all over me! / 這位帶來災難的女服務生剛剛腳下一個踉蹌，把熱咖啡濺了我滿身！
The recent
cyclone in Bangladesh
I can't imagine
what a catastrophe it will be if we lose Mr. Hank, our most important client. /
我無法想像，要是我們失去最重要的客戶漢克先生的話，那將會是一場什麼樣的災難。
It would be a
catastrophe if we let Victor be our leader. / 維克多來當我們的領導將會是一場災難。
cavalry [`kælvərɪ]
n. （騎馬）騎兵，裝甲部隊（集合名詞，不可數）
The cavalry
attacked the enemy at lightning speed. / 裝甲兵以閃電般的速度向敵人進攻。
chariot [`tʃærɪət]
n. 古代雙輪戰車
Chariots were
used by Roman soldiers during battles. /
羅馬士兵駕駛二輪戰車參與戰鬥。
complexity [kəm`plɛksətɪ]（複數形:
complexities [kəm`plɛksɪtɪz]）n. 複雜性（不可數），複雜之處（常用複數）
片語：a
problem of great complexity 極為複雜的問題
衍生字：complex
[`kɑmplɛks] a. 複雜的 & n.（複合式）建築，區；情結
③；a shopping complex 購物區
The complexity
of the problem is far beyond my imagination. / 這個問題的複雜程度遠超出我的想像。
Our aim is to
help the public understand the complexities of the city's financial problems. /
我們的目標是幫助大眾了解該城市財務問題的複雜之處。
比較：complexion
[kəm`plɛkʃən] n.（臉的）膚色
Jane has a fair
complexion. / 阿珍的面容白皙。
complication [͵kɑmplə`keʃən]
n. 複雜，困難，併發症（常用複數）
片語：add a
further complication to sth 使某事更加困難；develop
complications 產生併發症
衍生字：complicate
[`kɑmplɪ͵ket] vt. 使複雜 ④；complicated
[`kɑmplə͵ketɪd] a. 複雜的
The situation
became more complicated when Cathy announced that she would run for election,
too. / 凱西宣布她也將參選後，情勢就變得更複雜了。
The age
difference added a further complication to their relationship. / 年齡的差距使他們這段感情更加困難。
John developed
complications after his heart transplant surgery. / 約翰在心臟移植手術過後產生了併發症。
comprehensive
[͵kɑmprɪ`hɛnsɪv] a. 廣泛的，詳盡的，全面的
同義字：complete
[kəm`plit] a. 徹底的；thorough [`θɝo] a. 徹底的 ④
Our team is now
conducting comprehensive research on the effects of global warming. / 我們小組正在對全球暖化的影響做全面性的研究。
延伸：a
comprehensive guide/study/survey 綜合指南／研究／調查；comprehensive
insurance（保險）全險
coverage [`kʌvərɪdʒ]：n. 新聞報導（不可數），保險項目，涵蓋範圍
片語：news
coverage 新聞報導
衍生字：cover
[`kʌvɚ] vt. 掩蓋，隱瞞；採訪，報導 & n. 封面 ①；the cover story 頭版新聞
The anchorperson
was covering the latest development in the negotiations between the two
nations. / 這位主播正在報導兩國間協商的最新發展。
Lilly covered
her face with her hands, weeping. / 莉莉掩面哭泣。
Henry was
furious, but he covered it with a joke.
亨利很生氣，但他卻開了個玩笑來遮掩。
The news
coverage about this young man was strongly biased. / 關於這位年輕人的新聞報導嚴重偏頗。
The kidnapping
of the celebrity's dogs received extensive media coverage. / 這位名人的狗被綁一事佔了許多新聞版面。
My insurance
policy provides coverage against fire and theft. / 我的保險單提供保險的項目是火災和竊盜險。
This reference
book provides a comprehensive coverage of the subject we're talking about. / 這本工具書涵蓋我們現在談論題材的所有面向。
decent [`disənt]
a. （人）正直的，正派的，（東西）像樣的
片語：a
decent job/meal 像樣的工作／一頓飯
a decent-looking
person/fellow 看起來乾乾淨淨，中規中矩的人
Henry is a
decent man. He'll never do things like that. / 亨利是個正直的人。他絕對不會做那種事。
Stop fooling
around and go find a job! You have to lead a decent life, or others will look
down upon you. / 別再鬼混，快找份工作吧！你得活得正派一點，不然大家都會瞧不起你。
denounce [dɪ`naʊns]
vt. 公然譴責，告發
片語：denounce
A as B 譴責A為B；denounce A to B 向B告發A
衍生字：denunciation
[dɪ͵nʌnsɪ`eʃən] n. 譴責
同義字：condemn
[kən`dɛm] vt. 譴責 ⑤
Senator Louis
was denounced as a liar by one of his opponents. / 路易斯議員被一位他的反對者斥為騙徒。
A former
employee of John's denounced him to the police. / 約翰之前的一位職員向警方告發他。
disturbance [dɪs`tɝbəns]
n. 干擾，（群眾的）騷動，輕微衝突
片語：cause/create
a disturbance 妨礙安寧，妨礙公眾秩序
衍生字：disturb
[dɪs`tɝb] vt. 打擾 ④
I didn't mean to
disturb you, but I've something important to tell you. / 我並非故意打攪你，我有要事相告。
A few football
fans were arrested for causing a disturbance during the game. / 有幾個足球迷在比賽中途因為妨礙秩序被逮捕。
Phone calls in
the middle of a movie can be a great disturbance. / 電影看到一半電話響起會是一大干擾。
There was a
disturbance between the protesters and the riot police, but fortunately no one
was injured. / 抗議者跟鎮暴警察間有輕微衝突，但所幸無人受傷。
drastic [`dræstɪk]
a. 激烈的
片語：take
drastic measures/action 採取激烈手段／行動
衍生字：drastically
[`dræstɪkḷɪ] adv. 激烈地
The number of
wild rhinos all over the world has dwindled drastically. / 全球野生犀牛的數目已劇烈下降。＊rhino [`raɪno] n. 犀牛（是 rhinoceros [raɪ`nɑsərəs] 的縮寫），dwindle [`dwɪndḷ] vi. 漸漸減少
The union
threatened to take drastic action if its demands were not met. / 工會揚言若達不到訴求的話，便會採取激烈行動。
electron [ɪ`lɛktrɑn]
n. 電子
衍生字：electronic
[ɪ͵lɛk`trɑnɪk] a. 電子的
Electrons are
parts outside the nucleus of an atom. / 電子是在原子核外部分的物質。
用法：an
electron microscope 電子顯微鏡；atom [`ætəm] n. 原子④
proton [`protɑn] n. 質子；neutron [`njutrɑn] n. 中子
exploit [ɪk`splɔɪt]
vt. 剝削，開採
片語：exploit
the oil under the sea 在海底開採石油
衍生字：exploiter
[ɪk`splɔɪtɚ] n. 剝削者
exploitation [͵ɛksplɔɪ`teʃən]
n. 剝削行為
This factory
owner exploited his workers by making them do a lot of unpaid overtime. / 這位工廠老闆剝削他的員工，要他們常常加班又不給加班費。
Due to the
rising demand for oil, the country felt an urgent need to exploit its oil under
the sea. / 由於對石油的需求增加，該國家感到迫切需要開採它在海底的石油。
fabulous [`fæbjələs]
a. 很棒的
同義字：wonderful
[`wʌndɚfəl] a. 很棒的 ②
We had a
fabulous dinner last night. / 我們昨天晚上吃了很豐盛的一餐。
foresee [fɔr`si]
vt. 預見，預測（時態：foresee, foresaw [fɔr`sɔ]
, foreseen [fɔr`sin]）
同義字：predict
[prɪ`dɪkt] vt. 預測 ④；forecast [`fɔr͵kæst] vt. 預報（天氣）（三態同形）④
None of us
foresaw what the boss was going to do with this financial crisis. / 我們都無法預測老闆對這次的財務危機將如何處理。
Few analysts
foresaw that natural gas prices would rise steeply.
沒幾個分析師預測到天然氣價格會急遽攀升。＊steeply [`stiplɪ] adv. 急遽地
用法：foresee
+ that + S + V 預測⋯
foresee + 疑問詞（如：
how/what/ why...引導的名詞子句）預測如何／怎麼／為何⋯
No one foresaw
that the war would end so quickly. = No one foresaw why the war would end so
quickly.沒人預測到戰爭會如此快結束。
glamorous [`glæmərəs]
a. 有魅力的
衍生字：glamour
[`glæmɚ] n. 魅力 ⑥
同義字：gorgeous
[`gɔrdʒəs] a. 華麗的；fabulous [`fæbjələs] a. 很棒的；wonderful [`wʌndɚfəl] a. 很棒的
Marilyn Monroe
was a glamorous movie star. / 瑪麗蓮‧夢露是位有魅力的電影明星。
illegitimate [͵ɪlɪ`dʒɪtəmɪt]
a. 非法的，非婚生的
片語：an
illegitimate child 私生子
同義字：unlawful
[ʌn`lɔfəl] a. 非法的；illegal [ɪ`ligḷ] a. 非法的 ②
Paul made a
great fortune by apparently running some illegitimate business. / 保羅似乎是靠著某些非法勾當賺了大把銀子。
A man named
Frank popped up and claimed to be the deceased billionaire's illegitimate son.
/ 一個叫法蘭克的突然冒出來，聲稱自己是那位已故億萬富翁的私生子。
installation [͵ɪnstə`leʃən]
n. 安裝，設備，就職（典禮）
片語：installation
costs 安裝費用；a heating installation 暖氣設備；the installation of a new mayor 新市長就職
衍生字：install
[ɪn`stɔl] vt. 安裝 ④
Do you know how
to install this software? / 你知道要怎麼安裝這套軟體嗎？
Installation of
the security system will take two days. / 安裝保全系統要花上兩天時間。
The whole
heating installation needs to be replaced. / 全部的暖氣設備都需要更換。
The ceremony for
the new mayor's installation was held last May. / 新任市長就職典禮於去年 5 月舉行。
installment [ɪn`stɔlmənt]
n. （分期付款每期應付的）款項，（分期連載）回
片語：by
(monthly) installments 用（每月）分期付款的方式
Because of the
high prices of the goods in our store, customers are allowed to pay by monthly
installments. / 由於我們店裡東西的價格很高，客戶可以用按月分期付款的方式來付費。
Readers are all
looking forward to the second installment of that mystery series. / 讀者都引頸企盼這部神秘連載小說的第 2 回。
intimacy [`ɪntəməsɪ]
n. 親密（不可數）
片語：intimacy
between A and B A和B之間親密的關係
衍生字：intimate
[`ɪntəmɪt] a. 親密的 ④
Intimacy among
staff members in this company is strictly forbidden. / 這間公司嚴格禁止員工們間的親密關係。
lawsuit [`lɔ͵sut]
n. 訴訟
片語：file a
lawsuit against... 對⋯提出訴訟
同義字：suit
[sut] n. & vt. 訴訟 ②
Local residents
filed a lawsuit against the construction company over noise pollution. / 當地居民因為噪音污染的緣故，對該建築公司提出告訴。
legitimate [lɪ`dʒɪtəmɪt]/[lɪ`dʒɪtə͵met]
a. 合理的，合法的，合法婚姻所生的 vt. 合法化，合理化
片語：It is
legitimate to V ⋯是合法的
衍生字：legitimize
[lɪ`dʒɪtə͵maɪz] vt. 使合法，使正當化；legitimacy [lɪ`dʒɪtəməsɪ]
n. 合法性
同義字：legal
[`ligḷ] a. 合法的 ②；illegitimate [͵ɪlɪ`dʒɪtəmɪt] a. 非法的，不正當的
The author was
accused of legitimizing violence in his novels. / 這位作家遭人指控在小說裡將暴力合理化。
Management
claimed that their reasons for rejecting the union's demands are perfectly
legitimate. / 管理部門宣稱他們拒絕公會要求的理由是完全合法合理的。
Prince Charles
is the legitimate successor to the throne. / 查理斯王子是王位的合法繼承人。
Since Gina is
Mr. Parker's legitimate child, she is by law a potential heiress to his estate.
/ 既然吉娜是帕克先生的合法婚生子女，她在法律上是可以成為他財產的繼承人。＊heiress [ɛrɪs] n. 女繼承人＊heir [ɛr] n. 男繼承人
John is trying
to legitimate his own selfish behavior again. / 約翰又在試圖將自己自私的行為自圓其說了。
延伸：perfectly
legitimate 完全合法合理
mar [mɑr] vt. 損毀（時態：mar, marred [mɑrd], marred [mɑrd]）
同義字：spoil
[spɔɪl] vt. 毀損 ③
That baseball
player's career was marred by taking illegal drugs. / 該名棒球員的生涯因為服用禁藥而蒙上陰影。
missionary [`mɪʃə͵nɛrɪ]（複數形: missionaries
[`mɪʃə͵nɛrɪz]）n. 傳教士 a. 傳教士的
片語：a
missionary school/hospital 教會學校／醫院
衍生字：mission
[`mɪʃən] n. 任務 ③
Mother Teresa
and her Missionaries of Charity are well known all over the world. / 德蕾莎修女和她的仁愛傳教修女會舉世聞名。
Many young
members of the Mormon church spend time doing missionary work. / 摩門教會的許多年輕成員花費時間從事傳教工作。
monopoly [mə`nɑpḷɪ] n. 壟斷，獨占權（常用單數），獨占企業
片語：have a
monopoly on... 壟斷⋯；對⋯有獨占權
衍生字：monopolize
[mə`nɑpḷ͵aɪz] vt. 壟斷，獨佔
Don't invite Bob
to the meeting because he always tries to monopolize the conversation. / 別找鮑伯來開會，因為他老是要一個人講完所有的話。
The government
used to have a monopoly on tobacco sales. / 過去政府壟斷了煙草的銷售。
The government
should take measures to prevent good medical care from becoming a monopoly
solely for the rich. / 政府應該制訂措施來防止醫療資源全被有錢人給獨占。
Eddy's Pizza used
to be the monopoly in town, but now it seems destined to close because of the
international pizza chain that opened earlier this summer. / 艾迪披薩店曾是城裡獨占企業，不過它現在似乎注定要關門大吉，因為今年初夏一家跨國披薩連鎖店開始在城裡營運了。＊destined [`dɛstɪnd] a. 注定的
omen [`omən] n. 徵兆，預兆
A black cat
crossing your path used to be considered a bad omen in the West. / 在西方，一隻黑貓在你眼前走過曾被認為是不祥的徵兆。
延伸：an omen
of bad luck 不祥的徵兆
outlaw [`aʊt͵lɔ]
n. 歹徒，亡命之徒 vt. 使⋯不合法，禁止
同義字：ban
[bæn] vt. 禁止 ⑤
Police were
informed that a group of outlaws were hiding in the forest. / 警方被告知有一群歹徒正躲在森林裡。
Most states in
the US
prediction [prɪ`dɪkʃən]
n. 預測
片語：make accurate
predictions about sth 對某事做出精確預測
衍生字：predict
[prɪ`dɪkt] vt. 預測 ④；predictable [prɪ`dɪktəbḷ] a. 可預測的
④
Most people
predicted that the boxer would win the world championship. / 大部分的人都預測該拳擊手會贏得世界冠軍。
John's been
working very hard over the years, so his success is predictable. / 過去這些年來，約翰一直很努力，因此他的成功是可預測的。
So far it's
still very difficult for scientists to make accurate predictions about
earthquakes. / 到目前為止，科學家要對地震做出準確的預測仍然很困難。
radical [`rædɪkḷ]
a. 激進的，基本的 n. 激進份子，（漢字的）部首
同義字：fundamental
[͵fʌndə`mɛntḷ] a. 根本的
反義字：conservative
[kən`sɝvətɪv] a. 保守的
I was surprised
at Mark's radical views on politics. / 我對於馬克激進的政治理念很驚訝。
During the
meeting, some professors pointed out the crucial need for radical changes in
the current education system. / 會議中，有些教授指出當前的教育體制亟需根本上的改變。
This writer was
labeled a left-wing radical. / 該作家被歸類為左派激進份子。
You can infer
the meaning of the term from its radical. / 你可以從該字的部首推斷它的意思。
延伸：radical
changes/reforms 徹底的改變／改革
rational [`ræʃənḷ]
a. 理性的，合理的
片語：a
rational explanation/argument/ decision 合理的解釋／論點／決定
衍生字：rationality
[͵ræʃən`ælətɪ] n. 理性
同義字：reasonable
[`rizṇəbḷ] a. 合理的
反義字：irrational
[ɪ`ræʃənḷ] a. 無理性的；不合理的
A rational
person will never behave like that. / 理智的人絕不會那樣做。
The authorities
concerned have yet to find a rational explanation for the accident. / 有關當局仍在設法為該起意外找尋合理的解釋。
比較：ration
[`ræʃən] n. & vt.（配給的）一份 & vt. 配給
The soldiers
were hungry and eagerly got in line to receive their rations. / 飢餓的士兵們急切地排隊領取他們的伙食。
We don't have
enough food to go around, so we'll have to ration it. / 我們的食物不夠分，所以得要採配給的。
sovereign [`sɑvrɪn] a. 最高統治權的，主權獨立的
In this country,
sovereign power lies with the Parliament. / 在這個國家，最高統治權落在國會手中。
延伸：a
sovereign nation 主權獨立的國家；sovereignpower 最高統治權
sovereignty [`sɑvrɪntɪ]
n. 統治權，主權（皆不可數）
片語：claim
sovereignty over sth 宣稱擁有某物的主權
These actions
were interpreted as a threat to national sovereignty. / 這些行徑被解讀為對國家統治權的威脅。
Many Native
American tribes have claimed sovereignty over parts of the US
spectacular [spɛk`tækjəlɚ]
a. 壯觀的，極好的
衍生字：spectacle
[`spɛktəkḷ] n. 眼鏡（恆用複數）；景觀
同義字：stunning
[`stʌnɪŋ] a. 震驚的，極好的
impressive [ɪm`prɛsɪv]
a. 使人印象深刻的；fabulous [`fæbjələs] a. 很棒的
This is the most
spectacular fireworks show I've ever seen in my life. / 這是我這輩子看過最壯觀的煙火表演。
Michael Fisher's
latest work of fantasy literature has seen a spectacular success. / 麥可‧費雪的最新奇幻文學作品極為成功。
延伸：spectacular
scenery 壯觀的景色；a spectacular waterfall 壯觀的瀑布
spontaneous [spɑn`tenɪəs]
a. 自發的，不由自主的，未事先準備的，即席的
衍生字：spontaneity
[͵spɑntə`niətɪ] n. 自發性
同義字：impulsive
[ɪm`pʌlsɪv] a. 衝動的
The crowd broke
into spontaneous applause when the speech was over. / 宣告結果時，人群不由自主發出熱烈掌聲。
I was a bit
nervous when they asked me to give a spontaneous speech as tonight's guest of
honor. / 當他們要我作為今晚的榮譽嘉賓發表即席演說時，我有一點緊張。
statute [`stætʃʊt]
n. 法規，章程
The new statutes
were criticized for violating citizens' right to privacy. / 新法規因違反市民隱私權而飽受批評。
According to the
union's statutes, employees must have worked in the industry for one year
before becoming members. / 根據工會章程，員工必須在該行業工作至少一年才能成為工會成員。
比較：statue
[`stætʃu] n. 雕像 ③；stature [`stætʃu] n. 身高，身材；地位，水平
⑥
stunt [stʌnt] n.
特技，危險、引人側目的花招
片語：do
stunts 表演特技
The audience all
held their breath when the two stuntwomen performed a difficult stunt. / 兩位特技女演員表演困難的特技時，觀眾全都摒息以待。
I'm fed up with
your stupid stunts. Now get down from that table! / 我受夠你那些無聊的花招了。現在給我從桌上下來！
延伸：a stunt
man 男特技替身演員；a stunt woman 女特技替身演員；a publicity stunt 宣傳性噱頭
superintendent
[͵supərɪn`tɛndənt] n. 監督者，主管
Jack was
appointed the superintendent of the project. / 傑克被任命為該計劃的監督者。
The superintendent
of our department is young and full of stamina. / 我們部門的主管年輕又有幹勁。＊stamina [`stæmɪnə] n. 精力
toll [tol] n. 過路費，傷亡人數
vt. 敲鐘 vi. 鐘聲響起
片語：take a
heavy toll 造成嚴重傷亡；toll the death knell for... 敲響⋯的喪鐘（預告某事即將結束
。＊knell [nɛl] n. 喪鐘聲）
衍生字：tollgate
[`tol͵get] n.（高速公路的）收費站
Hanna just got a
job collecting tolls on the freeway. / 漢娜剛找到一份在高速公路上收過路費的工作。
The hurricane
took a heavy toll, causing the death of hundreds of people. / 該颶風造成重大傷亡，導致數百人死亡。
The dictator's
defeat in battle tolled the death knell for his regime. / 這位獨裁者在該場戰事中的失利敲響了他政權的喪鐘。
The church bell
tolled in mourning for those who died in the accident. / 教堂的鐘聲響起，為在該起意外中死亡的人們哀悼。
延伸：a toll
bridge 有收過路費的橋；the death toll 死亡人數
tornado [tɔr`nedo]
n. 龍捲風
同義字：twister
[`twɪstɚ] n. 龍捲風
The tornado
destroyed everything in its path. / 這陣龍捲風所經之處一切皆被摧毀。
比較：hurricane
[`hɝɪ͵ken] n. 颶風（發生於東太平洋或大西洋沿岸的風暴）；cyclone [`saɪklon]
n. 氣旋（發生於南太平洋沿岸的風暴）；typhoon [taɪ`fun] n. 颱風（發生於西太平洋沿岸的風暴），
以上 3 字其實就指『颱風』，只是名稱有所區別罷了。
traitor [`tretɚ]
n. 叛徒
My friends
called me a traitor, simply because I refused to help them cheat on the exam. /
我的朋友說我是叛徒，只因為我拒絕幫他們在考試中作弊。
比較：trait
[tret] n. 特點，特性
Honesty is
John's trait, which is why I trust him. / 約翰的特性就是誠實，這也是我信任他的原因。
treason [`trizṇ]
n. 叛國，叛國罪（不可數）
同義字：treachery
[`trɛtʃərɪ] n. 背叛
These wartime
collaborators were arrested and charged with treason following the end of the
war. / 這些戰時的通敵者在戰後被逮捕並以叛國罪名起訴。＊collaborator [kə`læbə͵retɚ] n. 通敵者
tremor [`trɛmɚ]
n. （輕微的）地震，震動
同義字：earthquake
[`ɝθ͵kwek] n. 地震
We felt a tremor
while in the office this morning. / 我們今天早上在辦公室感覺到一陣輕微的地震。
There was a
tremor of fear in her voice. / 她的聲音因為恐懼而微微顫動。
tsunami [tsu`nɑmi] n. 海嘯
A tsunami is
often caused by an earthquake. / 海嘯經常是地震所引起的。
用法：本字原為日語，英文中的海嘯原是 tidal waves，現今多用 tsunami。
tumor [`tjumɚ]
n. 腫瘤
衍生字：tumorous
[`tjumərəs] a. 腫瘤的
My mind went
blank when I heard my uncle was diagnosed with a malignant tumor. / 當得知我叔叔被診斷出長了惡性腫瘤時，我腦中一片空白。＊diagnose [͵daɪəg`noz] vt. 診斷＊be diagnosed
with + 疾病 被診斷出得了某疾病
延伸：a
benign/malignant tumor 良性／惡性瘤；benign [bɪ`naɪn] a. 良性的；malignant [mə`lɪgnənt] a. 惡性的
ulcer [`ʌlsɚ] n.
潰瘍
片語：a
stomach ulcer 胃潰瘍；a duodenal ulcer 十二指腸炎（＊duodenal [͵djuə`dinḷ]
a. 十二指腸的）
People who drink
frequently have a higher risk of getting a stomach ulcer. / 常喝酒的人得到胃潰瘍的風險較高。
uphold [ʌp`hold]
vt. 維護，維持（判決）
時態：uphold,
upheld [ʌp`hɛld] , upheld [ʌp`hɛld]
片語：uphold
human rights/the law 維護人權/法律；uphold
a conviction 維持原判
衍生字：upholder
[ʌp`holdɚ] n. 支持者
同義字：support
[sə`pɔrt] vt. 支持
A law was
recently passed to uphold freedom of speech. / 最近通過了一條維護言論自由的新法。
The Supreme
Court ruled that the former governor's conviction of corruption be upheld. / 最高法院決議維持對該位前任州長的定罪。
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