SP 5.5

 UNIT 5

 

1. Present and Past Participles as Adjectives

說明

現在分詞(V-ing)和過去分詞(Vpp)皆可當形容詞使用。現在分詞含有主動或正在進行的意味，過去分詞則表示被動或已經完成之意。

 

例句

1. It seemed as if Sparky was doomed to be a struggling artist.
(Sparky似乎注定要成為一位辛苦掙扎的藝術家。)

2. We talked in a low voice in order not to wake up the sleeping baby.
(我們低聲交談以免吵醒正熟睡的嬰兒。)

3. Vincent left his hometown with a broken heart.
(Vincent帶著一顆破碎的心離開家鄉。)

 

2. can’t/couldn’t help but + V

  can’t/couldn’t help + V-ing

說明

此句型表示「忍不住……，不得不……」。can’t/couldn’t help but後面接原形動詞，若只有can’t/couldn’t help則接動名詞(V-ing)。

 

例句

1. Sparky could not help but continue to draw.
→ Sparky could not help continuing to draw.
   (Sparky忍不住繼續畫畫。)

2. Hearing the funny joke, Phil couldn’t help but laugh loudly.
→ Hearing the funny joke, Phil couldn’t help laughing loudly.
   (聽到這則有趣的笑話，Phil忍不住大笑。)

3. I can’t help but cry every time when I think of my dead mother.
→ I can’t help crying every time when I think of my dead mother.
   (每當想起我已逝的母親，我忍不住哭泣。)

 

3. some day　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (將來的)某一天

one day　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　(過去或將來的)某一天

說明

1. some day可合併為someday，用於未來式或情態助動詞would/should/could/

might + V的句型。

2. one day可用於過去式或未來式，用於未來式時可與some day互換。

 

例句

1. Sparky’s kindergarten teacher once told him that he would be an artist some day/someday.
(Sparky的幼稚園老師曾經告訴他有一天他將會是個藝術家。)

2. One day, Larry could no longer stand his bossy wife and left home.
(有一天，Larry再也無法忍受跋扈的妻子而離家了。)

3. Janet believes that she will become a fashion designer some day/one day.
(Janet相信有一天她能成為時裝設計師。)

 

4. Adj + N-ed

說明

此為複合形容詞的一種，用連字號連結形容詞和名詞，而名詞的字尾要加上ed。因看起來像過去分詞的型式，所以也被稱為「擬似分詞」。

 

例句

1. Sparky even taught at an art school, where he met a red-headed woman and fell in love with her.
(Sparky甚至在一間藝術學校教書，在那裡他遇見了一位紅髮女子並愛上了她。)

2. An open-minded person is willing to accept different opinions.
(一個心胸開闊的人願意接納不同的意見。)

3. The kind-hearted young man helped the old lady cross the road.
(這位好心的年輕人幫助老太太過馬路。)

 

5. have no choice but to V

說明

此句型在but之後要接不定詞(to V)，表示「除了……之外別無選擇，不得不……」之意。

 

例句

1. Sparky was so desperate that he had no choice but to accept the changed name.
(Sparky如此地絕望以致於他不得不接受這個被改過的名字。)

2. Lisa had terrible toothache last night, so she had no choice but to see a dentist.
(Lisa昨晚牙齒很痛，所以她別無選擇只好去看牙醫。)

3. The elevator was out of order, so we had no choice but to walk upstairs.
(電梯故障了，所以我們不得不爬樓梯上樓。)

 

 

實力評量

I. 分詞填空：依各題句意填入適當的分詞形式。

________ 1. The ________ (frighten) girl screamed and ran away as if she saw a ghost.

________ 2. Mr. Black’s ________ (inspire) speech impressed all the audience.

________ 3. The ________ (disappoint) result of the game made our teammates cry.

________ 4. My parents’ ________ (encourage) words always help me through any difficulties.

________ 5. The old man accidentally drank the ________ (poison) water and died.

 

II. 動詞填空：依各題句意填入適當的動詞形式。

________ 1. The movie was so boring that I couldn’t help but ________ (fall) asleep.

________ 2. We had no choice but ________ (stay) home because of the strong typhoon.

________ 3. I couldn’t help ________ (eat) all the delicious food in front of me.

________ 4. The girl was so beautiful that the men walking by couldn’t help ________ (look) at her.

________ 5. To arrive at the meeting on time, Jeremy has no choice but ________ (take) a taxi.

 

III. 選擇題：依據下列各題句意，選出一個最符合語法的答案。

(　) 1. ________ day, I took a walk in the forest and found a beautiful lake.
(A) Some                (B) One                     (C) A                         (D) Other

(　) 2. Since Andy gained ten kilograms last year, he had no choice but ________ some larger clothes to wear this summer.
(A) buy                   (B) buying                (C) to buy                  (D) bought

(　) 3. Henry blushes every time when he sees the ________ girl.
(A) big-eyed          (B) big-eye               (C) eyed-big             (D) eye-big

(　) 4. Seeing the horrible sight, the little boy couldn’t help ________ with fear.
(A) shake               (B) to shake              (C) but shaking         (D) shaking

(　) 5. Simon forgot to turn in his ________ report, so he didn’t get any grades.
(A) written             (B) writing                (C) write                   (D) to write

 

IV. 引導式翻譯：每格限填一字。

1. 為了趕上截止期限，Al別無選擇只好整晚工作。
To meet the deadline, Al had no ________ but ________ ________ all night.

2. 牛頓被掉落的蘋果打到，因而發現了地心引力。
Newton was hit by a ________ apple and thus discovered the force of gravity.

3. 當失蹤的兒子終於被找到時，這位母親忍不住哭了。
The mother couldn’t ________ ________ when her missing son was finally found.

4. 我的兒子希望將來有一天可以成為偉大的科學家。
My son hopes that he will become a great scientist s________ ________.

5. 這位長腿模特兒在派對上吸引了許多男人的注意。

The ________-________ model attracted many men’s attention at the party.

 

I. 分詞填空 1. frightened 2. inspiring 3. disappointing 4. encouraging 5. poisoned II. 動詞填空 1. fall 2. to stay 3. eating 4. looking 5. to take III. 選擇題 1. B　2. C　3. A　4. D　5. A III. 引導式翻譯 1. choice, to, work 2. falling 3. help, crying 4. some, day 5. long, legged