3.6 表對比或讓步的句型Pattern
3
while/whereas + S + V…
例：The ordinary criminal gets hammered
while
the politically powerful get on scot-free.
一般犯人會被捶打，但有政治權勢的人卻能不受罰。
說明：
I. while 和 whereas 具有表示對比的功用，可以用but , yet 或 and yet 來取代。
He is tall, while/whereas his brother is short.
→ He is tall, but/yet his brother is short.
→ He is tall, and yet his brother is short.
他很高，而他弟弟很矮。
II. 對比的意念也可用副詞(如 however,
in/by contrast ) 來表達。
He likes to climb mountains, whereas I prefer to swim.
→ He likes to climb mountains; however, I prefer to swim.
→ He likes to climb mountains; by / in contrast, I prefer to
swim.
他喜歡爬山，而我喜歡游泳。
III. while 也可表示讓步的意思，相當於 though，這時只能放在句首。
While I don't sympathize with the poet's political ideology, I
admire his poems.
雖然我不認同那名詩人的政治意識形態，我卻崇拜他的詩。
練習
I. 替換
範例：Attempted suicides have stayed flat in recent years; in/by contrast,
deaths from suicides have soared.
→Attempted
suicides have stayed flat in recent years, whereas deaths from suicides have soared.
1. The salary of newcomers averaged NT $ 25,000; in
contrast, that of the senior staff averages NT $ 60,000.
à____________________________________________________________
2. The birth rate for well-educated women has declined; by
contrast, births to poor mothers have increased.
à____________________________________________________________
3. She has never done anything for me; by contrast, I have
done everything for her. à____________________________________________________________
4. Boys are more likely to take an interest in math; in
contrast, girls enjoy reading novels.
à____________________________________________________________
5. Tom is very outgoing; in contrast, his brother is shy
and quiet.
à____________________________________________________________
ll. 翻譯：請將下列中文句子翻成英文。
1. 你要住在鄉下，而我寧願住在都市。
______________________________________________________________
2. 狄克喜歡咖啡，而我要茶。
______________________________________________________________
3. 三年前一百名高中生中有八十九人可以進入大學，而今年一百名高中生中有九十五人會成為大學新鮮人。
______________________________________________________________
4. 他認為我在說謊，實際上我說的是實話。
______________________________________________________________
5. 高官揮霍公款大吃大喝，而老百姓卻為錢所苦。
______________________________________________________________
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