字辨 : "選擇" : choose, select

 字辨 : "選擇" : choose, select

一. choose [ tʃuz ]

動詞三態(不規則)

choose chose chosen

1. Vt./Vi.(及物/不及物):

選擇, 挑選

例1.

He chose a reference book

from the library.

(他從圖書館中

選了一本參考書.)

例2.

He took a long time

to choose his new shoes.

(他花了很長時間

挑選他的新鞋.)

例3.

Choose the correct one

from the following.

(從下列中 選出一個正確的答案.)

注意 :

choose + between (/from) + 名詞:

(從 ... 之中)選擇

例4.

I had to choose between the two.

(我不得不 在兩者之間 作一選擇.)

特別注意:

A.

choose 是 授與(/給予)動詞,

後有兩個受詞( "人" , 與 "物" )

a.直接受詞 : "物"

b.間接受詞 : "人"

句型 : 授與動詞有兩種用法

1. choose 某人 某物

= choose 某物 for 某人

例5.

I want to choose him

a nice present.

=

I want to choose a nice present

for him.

(我想要挑選 一份精美禮物 給他.)

但是,

2.

select 不是 授與(/給予)動詞,

表面上, 後面也有 "人" 與 "物" ,

卻只有一種用法,

要 先 "物", 後 "人" ,

中間(必須)有 介系詞 " for "

例6.

(我挑選了一份精美禮物給她.)

I selected her a nice present.(誤)

I selected a nice present for her.(正)

B.

另外:

" 有 " 數個 可選 ,

select , 與 choose , 後面要加 "from"

( select 可用在 選 "人, 或 事/物" ),

但是,

(choose 只可用在 "事/物", 不可用於 "人")

例7.

("有" (從)十個求職者任你選.)

select 後面 要加 from

You have ten applicants to select.(誤)

You have ten applicants

to select from.(正)

例7.1

("有" 四個 機會 可選擇.)

choose 後面 必須 加 from

There are four opportunities

to choose.(誤)

There are four opportunities

to choose from.(正)

C.

選擇 :

1.

choose 常指 "物質" 的東西

2.

select 指 "文化, 物質" 均可,

( 文化, 尤 指 "人" )

例8. 介系詞 用 out of (/或 from)

(他從 70 個候選人中 選取其中一位.)

He chose one

out of 70 candidates.(誤)

He chose one

from 70 candidates.(誤)

He selected one

out of 70 candidates.(正)

He selected one

from 70 candidates.(正)

例9.

(我從 十個 蘋果中 挑選一個.)

I chose one from the ten apples.(正)

(介系詞 : from, 或 out of 都可用 )

I selected one from the ten apples.(正)

注意: 選某人為 (代表)

choose 某人 as(/for) ....

= choose 某人 ( to be ) 名詞

例10.

We chose him as chairman.

=

We chose him for chairman.

=

We chose him ( to be ) chairman.

(我們選他為 主席.)

2. choose ,

決定(要 ... ); 寧願, 願意

句型:

choose + to V.(/不定詞) :

例11.

He chose to stay home

because he had a bad cold.

(因為他感冒了,

所以他寧願留在家裡.)

句型: 決定

choose + ( that ) 名詞子句

( 名詞子句: S. + (should) + V.(原形) )

( should : 表 "應該" , 可省略 )

例12.

He chose (that)

his son (should) change his school.

(他決定 讓他的兒子轉學.)

二. select [ sə `lɛkt ]

選, 選擇, 挑選, 精選

(比 choose 更正式用語)

例11.

He selected one of the books

and read to his children.

(他選了一本心愛的書

唸給他的孩子聽.)

例12.

They selected the chairman by vote.

(他們以投票選出主席.)

例13.

The librarian helps readers

select books.

(那個圖書館管理員

常幫助讀者挑選書籍.)

句型 :

select + 某人 + to V.

(選出某人 使做某事)

例14.

They selected him to make a speech

at the opening ceremony.

(他們推選他在開幕典禮中致詞.)

注意 :

兩個字有時通用(/都是 "選擇"),

主要不同有 二 :

1.choose : 可以用於兩者之間的選擇,

但是 select 則不可

2.choose 含有 經 "選定" 後,

"就要認真從事或堅守" 之意 ,

select 則沒有此意

例如:

A. "選擇事業"

choose a career (正)

select a career (誤)

B. "選擇太太"

choose a wife (正)

select a wife (誤)